Ameliorative effect of aqueous extract of rosemary on cadmium-induced kidney injury in albino rats

Document Type : Original Article

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Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the heavy metals causing risks for living organisms and induced high toxicity to the different biological systems. Rosemary (Rosemarinus Officinalis) is a plant widely used in food. It has antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic properties. The present work studied the effect of rosemary leaf extract on Cd-induced kidney injury in rats. Cadmium chloride (30 mg/kg b.w, 5 consecutive days/week for 8 weeks) administration increased renal MDA but decreased GSH, CAT, and SOD activities versus control. In parallel, serum urea and creatinine increased. Cadmium chloride caused histological alternations involved shrinkage in glomeruli, congestion in blood vessels, dilation in renal tubules, and leucocytic infiltrations. Ultrastructural observations showed an abnormality in the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, brush border, proximal and distal convoluted tubules. On the contrary, the administration of aqueous extract of rosemary restored these changes. The results suggested that rosemary ameliorative these changes due to its antioxidant properties by scavenging free radicals resulting from cadmium chloride.

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