Ameliorating effect of extracted Ginger oil against toxic effects of crude oil in male rats

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Introduction
Ginger, (Zingiberacae) is one of the important medicinal plants which naturally occurs in various countries like India, China, Southeast Asia, the West Indies, Mexico, and other parts of the world. This natural gold has been consumed worldwide as a spice and flavoring agent since ancient times. The oil of ginger is a mixture of constituents, consisting of monoterpenes (phellandrene, camphene, cineole, citral, and borneol) and sesquiterpenes (zingiberene, zingiberol, zingiberenol, s-bisabolene, sesquiphellandrene, and others). Aldehydes and alcohols are also present (Tang and Eisenbrand, 1992). Ginger is grown primarily in Asia and tropical areas and, in addition to its culinary function, has been used since ancient times for a variety of conditions, including colds, fevers, and digestive problems, and as an appetite stimulant. It is categorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a food additive but has been studied as a treatment for nausea and vomiting, as well as for arthritis (Kamaliroosta et al., 2013).
Ginger can probably reduce serum triglycerides and increase intestinal peristalsis and reduce fat absorption by inhibiting the lipase enzyme in the pancreas and intestine (Alizadeh-Navaei et al., 2008). Another possible mechanism of the plant to reduce serum triglycerides is due to the increase in the expression and activity of the lipoprotein lipase enzyme in the vessels. This enzyme increases the breakdown of triglycerides in the blood vessels and reduces blood levels of triglycerides (Shirdel et al., 2009). Ginger also inhibits hepatic fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis by lowering key enzyme activity (Kalaiselvi et al., 2015).
Ginger can reduce serum total cholesterol because of this plant in increasing the activity of liver cholesterol 7-α-hydroxylase enzyme which can increase the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids and thus decrease serum levels of cholesterol (Srinivasan and Sambaiah, 1991). Ginger is used to improve the flow of body fluids. It stimulates blood circulation throughout the body by powerful stimulatory effects on the heart muscle and by diluting the blood. The improved circulation is believed to increase cellular metabolic activity, thus contributing to the relief of cramps and tension (Mowrey and Clayson, 1982). Ginger reduced the formation of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and thromboxane thus lowering the clotting ability of the blood (Malhotra and Palsingh,2003). Ginger has a lowering effect on blood pressure which is mediated through the blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels. Concluded that the blood pressure-lowering action of aqueous ginger extract was through a dual inhibitory effect mediated via stimulation of both muscarinic receptors and blockade of Ca2+ channels (Zadeh and Moradikor, 2014). Antioxidants affect the process of lipid oxidation at different stages due to the differences in their mode of action. Because of the complexity of the oxidation process itself, the diversity of the substrates, and the active species involved, the application of different test methods are necessary to evaluate antioxidants.
Oral administration of an ethanol extract of ginger (80 mg/kg) significantly decreases fasting blood glucose level after 1-hour treatment in an STZ-type 1 diabetic rat model, the effect peaked after 4 hours, with ginger producing a 24% to 53% reduction in blood glucose at doses ranging from 10 to 80 mg/kg (Mahluji et al, 2013). Long-term treatment with ginger not only affected blood glucose levels, but also decreased serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, increased insulin, and effectively prevented body weight, liver, and kidney weight loss in type 1 diabetic animals (Ali et al, 2008).
Using the extract of medical herbal such as powdered ginger extract was observed to stimulate The objectives of the present study are to determine the antioxidant activity and protective effect of ginger essential oil against the toxic effect of crude oil on the hematological parameters.

Material and methods
The study was performed in the medical laboratory center in Missan province. Haematocrit or packed cell volume (PCV).

Statistical Analysis:
The results were expressed as mean ± standard error (SE). Statistical analyses were made with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS 17. The criterion for statistical significance was (P<0.05).

Discussion:
Blood is one of the specialized body fluids, responsible for the transport of nutrients, oxygen, hormones, chemical substances, and other metabolites to the body's cells, also, the elimination of the waste products away from those cells to sites of excretion (Xutian and Yuan,2014). Exposure to different organic solvents such as gasoline, benzene, toluene, hexane, carbon disulfide, insecticides, and pesticides has been reported to cause adverse effects on the hematological profiles in animals and humans (Ita and Udofia, 2011). (2004)  formed elements (Snyder,1987).

Ovuru and Ekweozor
The results observed a significant decrease in blood-