Background: NANOG is a transcription factor that is crucial for maintaining pluripotency in embryonic stem cells. It is involved in self-renewal and differentiation processes. Beyond its role in embryonic development, NANOG has been implicated in various cancers. The study aimed to detect the polymorphism rs9607340 in the NANAO gene and the progression of the disease. Method: The study consists of two groups: fifty CML patients (male 26, female 24) and fifty apparently healthy volunteers (male 25, female 25) from the National Center of Hematology/ Mustansiriyah University. Result: The result suggests that the SNP rs4012939 heterozygous genotype TC shows significant differences, P≤ 0.05, it was 48% in chronic CML patients 60% in controls (and OR = 2.8). The heterozygous CT genotype for rs4012937 showed a highly significant difference with P ≤ 0.01 and OR= 7.7. Conclusion: Polymorphism in the Nanog gene is associated with progression of the disease.
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